About the Authors

Qiong Wang

Affiliation Urban Forests and Wetlands Research Group, Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China

Wenjie Wang

wjwang225@hotmail.com

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China

Xingyuan He

Affiliation Urban Forests and Wetlands Research Group, Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China

Wentian Zhang

Affiliation Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China

Kaishan Song

Affiliation Urban Forests and Wetlands Research Group, Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China

Shijie Han

Affiliation Research Institute of Forest Ecology and Forestry Ecological Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: WW QW XH. Performed the experiments: QW WW WZ. Analyzed the data: QW WW KS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: QW WW XH WZ KS SH. Wrote the paper: QW WW.