About the Authors

Stefania Salvatore

stefania.salvatore@medisin.uio.no

Affiliation Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Jørgen Gustav Bramness

Affiliation Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Malcolm J. Reid

Affiliation Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway

Kevin Victor Thomas

Affiliation Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway

Christopher Harman

Affiliation Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway

Jo Røislien

Affiliations Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SS JR JGB. Performed the experiments: SS JGB JR. Analyzed the data: SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MJR KVT CH. Wrote the paper: SS JGB MJR KVT CH JR. Contributed to this scientific work and approved the final version of the manuscript: All authors. Responsible for providing the wastewater data: MJR KVT CH. Designed the study and the data analysis: SS JR JGB. Analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript SS. Had the original idea for the study, contributed to scientific interpretation of the FDA/FPCA and revised the manuscript: JR JGB.