About the Authors

Laura M. Parker

Current address: School of Biological Sciences, Centre for the Ecological Impacts for Coastal Cities, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2006

Affiliation School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury K12, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC 2751, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Wayne A. O’Connor

Affiliation NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Centre, Taylors Beach, New South Wales, Australia

David A. Raftos

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia

Hans-Otto Pörtner

Affiliation Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in the Hermann von Helmholtz Association of National Research Centres e. V. (HGF), Am Handelshafen 12, Bremerhaven, Germany

Pauline M. Ross

pm.ross@uws.edu.au

Affiliation School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury K12, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC 2751, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LMP PMR. Performed the experiments: LMP. Analyzed the data: LMP PMR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LMP PMR WAO DAR HOP. Wrote the paper: LMP PMR WAO DAR HOP.