About the Authors

Benjamin F. Mann

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin F. Mann, Hongmei Chen

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Hongmei Chen

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin F. Mann, Hongmei Chen

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Elizabeth M. Herndon

Affiliations Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America

Rosalie K. Chu

Affiliation Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Nikola Tolic

Affiliation Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Evan F. Portier

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Taniya Roy Chowdhury

Affiliation Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Errol W. Robinson

Affiliation Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Stephen J. Callister

Affiliation Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Stan D. Wullschleger

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

David E. Graham

Affiliation Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Liyuan Liang

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Baohua Gu

gub1@ornl.gov

Affiliation Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, United States of America

Competing Interests

This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy (DOE). The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). The authors confirm their adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BFM BG. Performed the experiments: BFM HC EFP RKC. Analyzed the data: BFM HC EFP RKC NT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EMH TRC SJC EWR DEG LL SDW. Wrote the paper: BFM HC BG.