About the Authors

Bramwell G. Lambrus

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America

Olivier Cochet-Escartin

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Jiarong Gao

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America

Phillip A. Newmark

Affiliation Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America

Eva-Maria S. Collins

jamesj.collins@utsouthwestern.edu (JJC); emscollins@physics.ucsd.edu (EMSC)

Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences and Department of Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

James J. Collins III

jamesj.collins@utsouthwestern.edu (JJC); emscollins@physics.ucsd.edu (EMSC)

Affiliations Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America, Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BGL EMSC PAN JJC. Performed the experiments: BGL OCE JG. Analyzed the data: BGL OCE JG EMSC JJC. Wrote the paper: BGL OCE PAN EMSC JJC.