About the Authors

Rien De Keyser

Affiliation Centre for Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom

Casper J. Breuker

Affiliation Evolutionary Developmental Biology Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom

Rosemary S. Hails

Affiliation Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, United Kingdom

Roger L. H. Dennis

Affiliation Centre for Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom

Tim G. Shreeve

tgshreeve@brookes.ac.uk

Affiliation Centre for Ecology, Environment and Conservation, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RDK CJB RSH TGS. Performed the experiments: RDK. Analyzed the data: RDK CJB TGS. Wrote the paper: RDK CJB RSH RLHD TGS. Developed the original concept: TGS RLHD RDK CJB RSH.