About the Authors

Kazuya Ishimoto

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Satoru Hayano

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Takeshi Yanagita

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan

Hiroshi Kurosaka

Current Address: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Japan

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Noriaki Kawanabe

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Shinsuke Itoh

Current Address: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Japan

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Mitsuaki Ono

Affiliation Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Takuo Kuboki

Affiliation Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Hiroshi Kamioka

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Takashi Yamashiro

yamashiro@dent.osaka-u.ac.jp

Current Address: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka Japan

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical sciences, Okayama, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: T. Yamashiro. Performed the experiments: KI SH T. Yanagita NK SI. Analyzed the data: HK HK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MO TK. Wrote the paper: KI T. Yamashiro.