About the Authors

Panagiotis Kasteridis

panos.kasteridis@york.ac.uk

Affiliation Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Anne R. Mason

Affiliation Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Maria K. Goddard

Affiliation Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Rowena Jacobs

Affiliation Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Rita Santos

Affiliation Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom

Gerard McGonigal

Affiliation Department of Medicine for the Elderly, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: PK RS. Wrote the paper: PK AM MG RJ RS GM. Conceived the study: AM. Undertook the literature searches: MG. Developed the distance measures and produced the maps: RS. Provided clinical advice: GM. Provided statistical advice: RJ. Performed and interpreted the analysis in collaboration with AM, RS, MG, RJ and GM: PK. Wrote the first draft of the manuscript: AM. Critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content and approved the final version: PK AM MG RJ RS GM.