About the Authors

Mélodie-Anne Drouin

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliations Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval; Québec, QC, Canada, Research Chair in Emergency Medicine Laval University—CHAU Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital; Lévis City, QC, Canada

Richard Fleet

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

rfleet@videotron.ca

Affiliations Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval; Québec, QC, Canada, Research Chair in Emergency Medicine Laval University—CHAU Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital; Lévis City, QC, Canada

Julien Poitras

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval; Québec, QC, Canada

Patrick Archambault

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliations Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval; Québec, QC, Canada, Research Chair in Emergency Medicine Laval University—CHAU Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital; Lévis City, QC, Canada

Jean-Marc Chauny

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université de Montréal; Department of Emergency Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, QC, Canada

Jean-Frédéric Lévesque

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity of the University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia

Mathieu Ouimet

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Département de science politique, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada

Gilles Dupuis

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada

Alain Tanguay

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval; Québec, QC, Canada

Geneviève Simard-Racine

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Departement of Emergency Medicine, CSSS de La Matapédia, Québec, QC, Canada

Josée Gauthier

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliation Direction de l’analyse et de l’évaluation des systèmes de soins et services, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada

Fatoumata Korika Tounkara

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliation Research Chair in Emergency Medicine Laval University—CHAU Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital; Lévis City, QC, Canada

Marie-Hélène Gilbert

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliation Research Chair in Emergency Medicine Laval University—CHAU Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis Hospital; Lévis City, QC, Canada

France Légaré

Contributed equally to this work with: Mélodie-Anne Drouin, Richard Fleet, Patrick Archambault, Josée Gauthier, Fatoumata Korika Tounkara, Marie-Hélène Gilbert, France Légaré

Affiliation Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Knowledge Transfer and Health Technology Assessment of the CHUQ Research Centre (CRCHUQ), Unité de Recherche Évaluative, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors declare not having any financial or other conflicts of interest related to the submission. The manuscript submission has been read and approved by all authors. The manuscript has not been published, nor is it under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part in any language.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RF MAD FL GD MO JG. Performed the experiments: RF MAD FL GD MO PA JP JMC GSR AT JG. Analyzed the data: RF MAD FL FKT MHG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAD RF JFL FKT FL GD. Wrote the paper: MAD RF MHG FKT.