About the Authors

Mincheol Kim

Contributed equally to this work with: Mincheol Kim, Ahnna Cho

Affiliation Arctic Research Center, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Ahnna Cho

Contributed equally to this work with: Mincheol Kim, Ahnna Cho

Affiliations Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea, Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea

Hyoun Soo Lim

Affiliation Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea

Soon Gyu Hong

Affiliation Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Ji Hee Kim

Affiliation Department of New Antarctic Station, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Joohan Lee

Affiliation Department of New Antarctic Station, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Taejin Choi

Affiliation Division of Climate Change, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Tae Seok Ahn

Affiliation Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea

Ok-Sun Kim

oskim@kopri.re.kr

Affiliation Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SGH OSK. Performed the experiments: ANC HSL. Analyzed the data: MK ANC HSL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OSK JHK JHL TJC TSA. Wrote the paper: MK ANC OSK.