About the Authors

Jaewook Oh

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Iryna F. Sanders

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Eric Z. Chen

Affiliations Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Hongzhe Li

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

John W. Tobias

Affiliation Penn Molecular Profiling Facility, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

R. Benjamin Isett

Affiliation Penn Molecular Profiling Facility, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Sindura Penubarthi

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Hao Sun

Affiliation Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China

Don A. Baldwin

Affiliation Pathonomics LLC, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Nigel W. Fraser

nfraser@mail.med.upenn.edu

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: NWF IFS EZC HL DAB. Performed the experiments: JO IFS RBI SP. Analyzed the data: HS JO HL EZC JWT DAB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HL EZC. Wrote the paper: NWF JO HL EZC.