About the Authors

Mohsen Shahmanesh

Affiliation School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Kenneth Phillips

Affiliation ILS Genomics (formerly Beckman Coulter Genomics), Morrisville, North Carolina, United States of America

Meg Boothby

Affiliation University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, HIV Medicine, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Jeremy W. Tomlinson

jeremy.tomlinson@ocdem.ox.ac.uk

Affiliation Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

Funds obtained from “Gilead Sciences”, “Pharmacia Upjohn” and “Dupont Pharmaceuticals” were provided as unrestricted educational grants. The above companies have no say in the design of the study, played no role in its conduct or the writing of the study. None of the companies have any ownership of the results, nor have any of the authors accepted consultancies, have products in development, patents or any other financial connections with the above companies. At the time of the microarray analysis one of the authors (KP) was employed by Beckman Coulter Genomics where he performed the initial statistics. Beckman Coulter Genomics was paid to perform the microarray and the bio-statistics. Since then KP has moved from the company and now works for ILS Genomics. He has continued to perform the biostatistics in his private time and entirely as a co-contributor to the study. Neither company has any claims to the data, control over the publication or ownership of any of the material. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MS MB JWT. Performed the experiments: MS MB. Analyzed the data: MS KP JWT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KP. Wrote the paper: MS KP MB JWT. Performed all statistical analysis: KP. Created Figs 2–3: KP.