About the Authors

Paolo Bajardi

paolo.bajardi@isi.it

Affiliations GECO- Computational Epidemiology Group, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy, ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy

Daniela Paolotti

Affiliation ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy

Alessandro Vespignani

Affiliations ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy, Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Institute for Quantitative Social Sciences at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ken Eames

Affiliation London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Sebastian Funk

Affiliation London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

W. John Edmunds

Affiliation London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Clement Turbelin

Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, Paris, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, Paris, France

Marion Debin

Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, Paris, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, Paris, France

Vittoria Colizza

Affiliations ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-S 707, Paris, France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR-S 707, Paris, France

Ronald Smallenburg

Affiliation Aquisto-Inter BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Carl Koppeschaar

Affiliation Aquisto-Inter BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Ana O. Franco

Affiliation Instituto Gulbenkian de Cincia, Oeiras, Portugal

Vitor Faustino

Affiliation Instituto Gulbenkian de Cincia, Oeiras, Portugal

AnnaSara Carnahan

Affiliation Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden

Moa Rehn

Affiliation Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden

Franco Merletti

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy

Jeroen Douwes

Affiliation Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Ridvan Firestone

Affiliation Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand

Lorenzo Richiardi

Affiliation Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Turin, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interests: Ronald Smallenburg and Carl Koppeschaar are employed by Aquisto-Inter BV, Amsterdam. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter their adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PB DP LR. Analyzed the data: PB DP LR. Wrote the paper: PB DP LR. Development, implementation, maintenance and dissemination of the national Influenzanet platforms: DP KE SF CT MD VC CK AOF VF AC MR. Devised and coordinate the Influenzanet project: AV WJE RS. Devised and coordinate the Ninfea project: FM LR. Co-directed the ELF study: JD. Responsible for the ELF study platform implementation and data gathering: RF. Made substantial contributions to the study regarding the interpretation of data, revising the article critically and providing important intellectual content: PB DP LR KE SF CT MD VC CK AOF VF AC MR AV WJE RS FM JD RF.