About the Authors

Arjun Khanna

Affiliation Berenson-Allen Center for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America

Alvaro Pascual-Leone

Affiliation Berenson-Allen Center for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America

Faranak Farzan

faranak.farzan@camh.ca

Affiliations Berenson-Allen Center for Non-invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America, Temerty Centre for Therapeutic Brain Intervention, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

AK and FF have no conflict of interest to disclose. APL serves on the scientific advisory boards for Nexstim, Neuronix, starlab Neuroscience, Neosync, and Novavision, and is an inventor on patents and patent applications related to noninvasive brain stimulation and real-time integration of TMS with EEG and fMRI.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: FF APL. Performed the experiments: FF. Analyzed the data: FF AK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: APL. Wrote the paper: AK FF.