About the Authors

Michael Coleman

mcoleman@lstmed.ac.uk

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Mohammed H. Al-Zahrani

Affiliation Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Marlize Coleman

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Janet Hemingway

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Abdiasiis Omar

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Michelle C. Stanton

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Eddie K. Thomsen

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Adel A. Alsheikh

Affiliation Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Raafat F. Alhakeem

Affiliation Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Phillip J. McCall

Affiliation Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Abdullah A. Al Rabeeah

Affiliations Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Ziad A. Memish

Affiliations Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Public Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: Michael Coleman MHA JH PM ZM. Performed the experiments: Marlize Coleman AO AA AR. Analyzed the data: Michael Coleman MS ET. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: Michael Coleman JH ZM. Wrote the paper: Michael Coleman JH ET ZM.