About the Authors

Gaetano Valenza

g.valenza@ieee.org

Affiliations Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; and Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Research Center E. Piaggio and Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Luca Citi

Affiliations Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; and Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom

Riccardo Barbieri

Affiliation Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; and Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: GV LC RB. Wrote the paper: GV LC RB. Conceived and designed the methodology and experiments: GV LC RB.