About the Authors

Jessica L. Buxton

Contributed equally to this work with: Jessica L. Buxton, Shikta Das

j.buxton@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Section of Investigative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Shikta Das

Contributed equally to this work with: Jessica L. Buxton, Shikta Das

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Alina Rodriguez

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden

Marika Kaakinen

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Alexessander Couto Alves

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Sylvain Sebert

Affiliation Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Iona Y. Millwood

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Jaana Laitinen

Affiliation Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland

Paul F. O’Reilly

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin

These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical Research Council (MRC) Public Health England (PHE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland, Unit of Primary Care, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Alexandra I. F. Blakemore

These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Section of Investigative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MRJ AIFB AR PFO JLB. Performed the experiments: JLB SD AR. Analyzed the data: SD PFO ACA IM SS AR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MRJ JL MK. Wrote the paper: JLB SD MRJ AIFB PFO MK AR SS IM JL ACA.