About the Authors

Ulrike Donat

Contributed equally to this work with: Ulrike Donat, Juliane Rother

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Juliane Rother

Contributed equally to this work with: Ulrike Donat, Juliane Rother

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Simon Schäfer

† Deceased.

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Michael Hess

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Barbara Härtl

Affiliations Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, Genelux GmbH, Bernried, Germany

Christina Kober

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Johanna Langbein-Laugwitz

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Jochen Stritzker

Affiliations Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America

Nanhai G. Chen

Affiliations Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America, Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Rebecca & John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America

Richard J. Aguilar

Affiliation Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America

Stephanie Weibel

Affiliation Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Aladar A. Szalay

aaszalay@genelux.com

Affiliations Institute of Biochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, California, United States of America, Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, Rebecca & John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America, Genelux GmbH, Bernried, Germany, Rudolph Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine and Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

Competing Interests

This work was supported by the Research and Development Division of Genelux Corporation, San Diego, USA, and a Service Grant to the University of Wuerzburg, Germany funded by Genelux Corp. UD and SW received postdoctoral fellowship. JR, CK, SS and MH received a graduate fellowship from Genelux Corporation awarded to the University of Wuerzburg. AAS, JS, NGC and RJA are salaried employees of Genelux Corporation and have financial interests in Genelux Corporation. BH is a salaried employee of Genelux GmbH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Additionally to all competing interests stated before the authors add that those do not alter their adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: UD SS AAS. Performed the experiments: UD JR SS BH CK JLL. Analyzed the data: UD JR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NGC RJA. Wrote the paper: UD SW JS MH AAS.