About the Authors

Charlotte Jackson

c.r.jackson@ucl.ac.uk

Affiliations Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,

Punam Mangtani

Affiliation Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Jeremy Hawker

Affiliation Field Epidemiology Services, Public Health England, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Babatunde Olowokure

Affiliation West Midlands Public Health England Centre, Public Health England, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Emilia Vynnycky

Affiliations Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, Statistics, Modelling and Economics Department, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom,

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BO JH CJ PM EV. Performed the experiments: CJ EV. Analyzed the data: CJ EV PM. Wrote the paper: CJ EV PM. Wrote the generic research plan: JH. Developed the detailed methodology: CJ EV PM. Contributed to interpretation of data: JH BO. Critically revised manuscript: JH BO.