About the Authors

Stéphane Legleye

Stephane.legleye@ined.fr

Affiliations Institut national d’études démographiques (INED), Paris, France, Inserm, U669, Univ Paris-Sud and Univ Paris Descartes, UMR-S0669, Paris, France

François Beck

Affiliations Institut national de prévention et d’éducation à la santé (INPES), Saint-Denis, France, Cermes3 - Equipe Cesames (Centre de recherche Médecine, Sciences, Santé, Santé mentale, Société, Université Paris Descartes/CNRS UMR 8211/Inserm U988/EHESS), Paris, France

Stanislas Spilka

Affiliation French Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction - Observatoire Français des Drogues et des Toxicomanies (OFDT), Saint-Denis, France

Nearkasen Chau

Affiliation Inserm, U669, Univ Paris-Sud and Univ Paris Descartes, UMR-S0669, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SL FB SS. Performed the experiments: SL FB SS. Analyzed the data: SL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SL SS NC. Wrote the paper: SL FB SS NC.