About the Authors

Alexandre Grangeiro

ale.grangeiro@gmail.com

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil

Maria Mercedes Escuder

Affiliation Health Institute, São Paulo State Department of Health, São Paulo, Brazil

Alex Jones Flores Cassanote

Affiliation Postgraduate Program in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil

Rosa Alencar Souza

Affiliation STD/AIDS Referral and Training Centre, São Paulo State Department of Health, São Paulo, Brazil

Artur O. Kalichman

Affiliation STD/AIDS Referral and Training Centre, São Paulo State Department of Health, São Paulo, Brazil

Valdiléa Veloso

Affiliation Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Maria Letícia Rodrigues Ikeda

Affiliation Care and Treatment Clinic of the Partenon Sanatorium, Rio Grande do Sul State Department of Health, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Nêmora Tregnago Barcellos

Affiliation Care and Treatment Clinic of the Partenon Sanatorium, Rio Grande do Sul State Department of Health, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Carlos Brites

Affiliation Edgar Santos University Hospital Complex, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

Unai Tupinanbás

Affiliation Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

Noaldo O. Lucena

Affiliation Tropical Medicine Foundation, Amazonas State Department of Health, Manaus, Brazil

Carlos Lima da Silva

Affiliation State Centre for Diagnosis, Treatment and Research, Bahia State Department of Health, Salvador, Brazil

Heloisa Ramos Lacerda

Affiliation Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

Beatriz Grinsztejn

Affiliation Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Euclides Ayres Castilho

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil

Competing Interests

The authors declare that the co-author Beatriz Grinsztejn is a PLOS ONE Editorial Board member. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AG MME RAS AOK VV MLRI NTB CB UT NOL CALS HRL BG EAC. Performed the experiments: RAS AOK VV NTB CB BG MLRI UT NOL CALS HRL. Analyzed the data: AG MME AJFC EAC. Wrote the paper: AG MME AJFC RAS AOK VV MLRI NTB CB UT NOL CALS HRL BG EAC.