About the Authors

Yi-Jen Chen

Affiliations Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Yan-Hsiung Wang

Affiliations Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Chau-Zen Wang

Affiliations Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Mei-Ling Ho

Affiliations Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Po-Lin Kuo

Affiliations Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Mao-Hsiung Huang

Affiliations Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Chia-Hsin Chen

chchen@kmu.edu.tw

Affiliations Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: Y-JC C-HC. Performed the experiments: Y-JC Y-HW C-ZW C-HC. Analyzed the data: Y-JC C-HC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: M-LH P-LK M-HH C-HC. Wrote the paper: Y-JC Y-HW C-HC.