About the Authors

Vijaya R. Chitnis

Contributed equally to this work with: Vijaya R. Chitnis, Feng Gao

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Feng Gao

Contributed equally to this work with: Vijaya R. Chitnis, Feng Gao

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Zhen Yao

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Mark C. Jordan

Affiliation Cereal Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Seokhoon Park

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Belay T. Ayele

belay.ayele@umanitoba.ca

Affiliation Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BTA. Performed the experiments: VRC ZY SP FG BTA. Analyzed the data: FG MCJ BTA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MCJ. Wrote the paper: VRC FG BTA.