About the Authors

Samuel Soubeyrand

Samuel.Soubeyrand@avignon.inra.fr

Affiliation UR546 Biostatistics and Spatial Processes, INRA, Avignon, France

Charlotte Tollenaere

Current address: UMR Résistance des Plantes aux Bioagresseurs (IRD-CIRAD-UM2), IRD, Montpellier, France

Affiliation Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Emilie Haon-Lasportes

Affiliation UR546 Biostatistics and Spatial Processes, INRA, Avignon, France

Anna-Liisa Laine

Affiliation Metapopulation Research Group, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CT A-LL EH-L SS. Performed the experiments: CT A-LL. Analyzed the data: SS CT EH-L A-LL. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SS CT EH-L A-LL. Wrote the paper: SS CT EH-L A-LL.