About the Authors

Akihito Hagihara

hagihara@hsmp.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Health Services Management and Policy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan

Manabu Hasegawa

Affiliation Ambulance Service Planning Division, Fire and Disaster Management Agency, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Tokyo, Japan

Takeru Abe

Affiliation Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan

Takashi Nagata

Affiliation Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

Yoshihiro Nabeshima

Affiliation Department of Health Services Management and Policy, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AH TN. Analyzed the data: AH TA YN. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MH. Wrote the paper: AH TA.