About the Authors

Robin D. Couch

rcouch@gmu.edu

Affiliation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America

Karl Navarro

Affiliation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America

Masoumeh Sikaroodi

Affiliations Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America, Microbiome Analysis Center, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America

Pat Gillevet

Affiliations Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America, Microbiome Analysis Center, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America

Christopher B. Forsyth

Affiliations Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Ece Mutlu

Affiliation Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Phillip A. Engen

Affiliation Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Ali Keshavarzian

Affiliations Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RDC PG CBF PAE AK. Performed the experiments: RDC KN MS CBF PAE AK. Analyzed the data: RDC KN MS PG CBF EM PAE AK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RDC PG CBF EM PAE AK. Wrote the manuscript: RDC PG AK.