About the Authors

Quan Wang

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Peilin Jia

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Karen T. Cuenco

Affiliations Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Craniofacial & Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Eleanor Feingold

Affiliations Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mary L. Marazita

Affiliations Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Center for Craniofacial & Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lily Wang

Affiliations Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Zhongming Zhao

zhongming.zhao@vanderbilt.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: ZZ LW PJ MLM EF KTC. Performed the experiments: QW PJ. Analyzed the data: QW PJ. Wrote the paper: QW PJ ZZ.