About the Authors

Chih-Hung Lee

Contributed equally to this work with: Chih-Hung Lee, Takashi Sugiyama

Affiliation Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Takashi Sugiyama

Contributed equally to this work with: Chih-Hung Lee, Takashi Sugiyama

Current address: Corporate R&D Center, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan

Affiliation Advanced Research Institute for Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

Aiko Kataoka

Affiliation Department of Dental Hygiene, Kanagawa Dental University Junior College, Yokosuka, Japan

Ayako Kudo

Affiliation Department of Dental Hygiene, Kanagawa Dental University Junior College, Yokosuka, Japan

Fukue Fujino

Affiliation Department of Dental Hygiene, Kanagawa Dental University Junior College, Yokosuka, Japan

Yu-Wen Chen

Affiliation Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Yuki Mitsuyama

Affiliation Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

Shinobu Nomura

Affiliation Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan

Tohru Yoshioka

yoshioka@kmu.edu.tw

Affiliation Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TY CHL. Performed the experiments: CHL A. Kataoka A. Kudo FF YWC. Analyzed the data: TS YM SN. Wrote the paper: TY CHL TS.