About the Authors

Michael J. Zeitz

mjzeitz@stanford.edu

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Ferhat Ay

Affiliation Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Julia D. Heidmann

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Paula L. Lerner

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

William S. Noble

Contributed equally to this work with: William S. Noble, Brandon N. Steelman, Andrew R. Hoffman

Affiliations Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Brandon N. Steelman

Contributed equally to this work with: William S. Noble, Brandon N. Steelman, Andrew R. Hoffman

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Andrew R. Hoffman

Contributed equally to this work with: William S. Noble, Brandon N. Steelman, Andrew R. Hoffman

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MJZ JDH PLL BNS. Performed the experiments: MJZ JDH PLL. Analyzed the data: MJZ JDH PLL FA WSN ARH. Wrote the paper: MJZ JDH PLL FA. Designed and conducted bioinformatics and statistical analysis: FA WSN.