About the Authors

David P. Fewer

Contributed equally to this work with: David P. Fewer, Jouni Jokela

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Jouni Jokela

Contributed equally to this work with: David P. Fewer, Jouni Jokela

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Eeva Paukku

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Julia Österholm

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Matti Wahlsten

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Perttu Permi

Affiliation Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Olli Aitio

Affiliation Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Leo Rouhiainen

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Gonzalo V. Gomez-Saez

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Kaarina Sivonen

kaarina.sivonen@helsinki.fi

Affiliation Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DPF JJ EP MW LR KS. Performed the experiments: DPF JJ MW EP PP JÖ OA LR GVG-S. Analyzed the data: DPF JJ MW EP PP LR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PP OA KS. Wrote the paper: DPF JJ MW EP JÖ PP OA LR GVG-S KS.