About the Authors

Vincenza Battaglia

Affiliation Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Viola Grugni

Affiliation Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Ugo Alessandro Perego

Affiliations Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Norman Angerhofer

Affiliation Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

J. Edgar Gomez-Palmieri

Affiliation Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Scott Ray Woodward

Affiliations Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, AncestryDNA, Provo, Utah, United States of America

Alessandro Achilli

Affiliation Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy

Natalie Myres

Affiliations Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America, AncestryDNA, Provo, Utah, United States of America

Antonio Torroni

Affiliation Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Ornella Semino

ornella.semino@unipv.it

Affiliations Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy, Centro Interdipartimentale “Studi di Genere”, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

Competing Interests

SRW and NM are employed by a commercial company: Ancestry.com. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLoS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: VB OS. Performed the experiments: VB NM VG. Analyzed the data: VB VG OS AA UAP NA SRW NM AT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OS AT AA. Wrote the paper: VB OS. Performed sample collection: JEG-P. Read and provided comments on the manuscript: VB VG UAP NA JEG-P SRW AA NM AT OS.