About the Authors

Paul Watts

p.n.watts@uel.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute for Health and Human Development, University of East London, London, United Kingdom

Gemma Phillips

Affiliation Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Mark Petticrew

Affiliation Department of Social and Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Richard Hayes

Affiliation Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Christian Bottomley

Affiliation Tropical Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Ge Yu

Affiliation Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, Yorkshire, United Kingdom

Elena Schmidt

Affiliation Sightsavers, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, United Kingdom

Patrick Tobi

Affiliation Institute for Health and Human Development, University of East London, London, United Kingdom

Derek Moore

Affiliation Institute for Research on Child Development, University of East London, Water Lane, London, United Kingdom

Caroline Frostick

Affiliation Institute for Research on Child Development, University of East London, Water Lane, London, United Kingdom

Karen Lock

Affiliation Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Adrian Renton

Affiliation Institute for Health and Human Development, University of East London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PW AR GP RH DM MP KL CB. Performed the experiments: MP KL DM CF GY PT ES. Analyzed the data: PW GP GY CB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PW MP KL PT ES. Wrote the paper: PW GP CB KL PT RH.