About the Authors

Jean-Yves Zimmer

entomologie.gembloux@ulg.ac.be

Affiliation Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Department of Agronomic Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium

François Smeets

Affiliation Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium

Grégory Simonon

Affiliation Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Department of Agronomic Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium

Jean Fagot

Affiliation Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Department of Agronomic Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium

Eric Haubruge

Affiliation Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Department of Agronomic Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium

Frédéric Francis

Affiliation Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Department of Agronomic Sciences, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium

Bertrand Losson

Affiliation Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JYZ FS JF FF BL. Performed the experiments: JYZ FS GS. Analyzed the data: JYZ FS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JYZ FS GS EH BL. Wrote the paper: JYZ FS GS JF EH FF BL.