About the Authors

Ruoxing Sun

Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Weerayuth Kittichotirat

Affiliations Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Research Group, Pilot Plant, Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok, Thailand

Justin Wang

Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Minnie Jan

Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Weizhen Chen

Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Sirkka Asikainen

Affiliation Department of Oral Microbiology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden

Roger Bumgarner

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Casey Chen

ccchen@usc.edu

Affiliation Division of Periodontology, Diagnostic Sciences and Dental Hygiene, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SA CC RB WK. Performed the experiments: RS WC JW MJ. Analyzed the data: RS SA WK JW MJ WC CC RB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CC SA RB WK. Wrote the paper: SA WK CC RB.