About the Authors

Becky M. Hess

Affiliations Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, United States of America, Chemical and Biological Signature Sciences Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Junfeng Xue

Affiliation Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Lye Meng Markillie

Affiliation Fundamental and Computational Sciences, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Ronald C. Taylor

Affiliation Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Group, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

H. Steven Wiley

Affiliation Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Birgitte K. Ahring

Affiliation Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Bryan Linggi

Bryan.Linggi@pnnl.gov

Affiliation Environmental and Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BH JX HSW BA BL. Performed the experiments: BH JX RT LM. Analyzed the data: BH JX RT HSW BA BL. Wrote the paper: BH RT HSW BL.