About the Authors

Eve Gazave

gazave.eve@ijm.univ-paris-diderot.fr

Affiliations Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Dennis V. Lavrov

Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America

Jory Cabrol

Affiliation Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Emmanuelle Renard

Affiliation Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Caroline Rocher

Affiliation Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Jean Vacelet

Affiliation Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Maja Adamska

Affiliation Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, Bergen, Norway

Carole Borchiellini

Affiliation Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France

Alexander V. Ereskovsky

Affiliations Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7263, Mediterranean Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Marseille, France, Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology and Soil Science, St-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EG DVL ER CB AVE. Analyzed the data: EG DVL ER JV CB AVE. Wrote the paper: EG DVL ER CB AVE. Performed the molecular experiments/participated in the acquisition of molecular data (for rDNA): EG JC MA CR CB. Performed the molecular experiments/participated in the acquisition of molecular data (for mtDNA): DVL. Performed the morphological studies: AVE JV.