About the Authors

Helen M. Higgins

helen.higgins@nottingham.ac.uk.

Affiliation Population Health and Welfare Group, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom

Eamonn Ferguson

Affiliation Personality, Social Psychology, and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Robert F. Smith

Affiliation Division of Livestock Health and Welfare, School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Neston, United Kingdom

Martin J. Green

Affiliation Population Health and Welfare Group, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Critically appraised the paper: EF RFS MJG. Conceived and designed the experiments: HMH EF RFS MJG. Performed the experiments: HMH. Analyzed the data: HMH EF MJG. Wrote the paper: HMH.