About the Authors

Wilbur Y. W. Lew

wlew@ucsd.edu

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Evelyn Bayna

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Erminia Dalle Molle

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Nancy D. Dalton

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

N. Chin Lai

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Valmik Bhargava

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Vincent Mendiola

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Paul Clopton

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Tong Tang

Affiliation Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine and Research Service, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Statistical analysis: WYWL PC. Conceived and designed the experiments: WYWL EB TT. Performed the experiments: EB EDM NDD NCL VB VM TT. Analyzed the data: WYWL EB NDD VB VM PC TT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NCL PC TT. Wrote the paper: WL EB TT.