About the Authors

Poonam Dharmani

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Claudio De Simone

Affiliation Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy

Kris Chadee

kchadee@ucalgary.ca

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interest. PD was funded by a Canadian Association of Gastroenterology-Axcan Pharma-CIHR Research and Fellowship Award. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PD KC. Performed the experiments: PD. Analyzed the data: PD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PD KC CDS. Wrote the paper: PD KC.