About the Authors

Cédric Norais

Contributed equally to this work with: Cédric Norais, Pascale Servant

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, Ecole polytechnique, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Palaiseau, France

Pascale Servant

Contributed equally to this work with: Cédric Norais, Pascale Servant

Affiliations Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie (Bât. 409), UMR8621, Orsay, France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Orsay, France

Claire Bouthier-de-la-Tour

Affiliations Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie (Bât. 409), UMR8621, Orsay, France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Orsay, France

Pierre-Damien Coureux

Affiliation Ecole polytechnique, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Palaiseau, France

Solenne Ithurbide

Affiliations Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie (Bât. 409), UMR8621, Orsay, France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Orsay, France

Françoise Vannier

Affiliations Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie (Bât. 409), UMR8621, Orsay, France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Orsay, France

Philippe P. Guerin

Affiliation Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France

Charles L. Dulberger

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Kenneth A. Satyshur

Affiliation Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

James L. Keck

Affiliation Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Jean Armengaud

Affiliation Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France

Michael M. Cox

Co-senior authors.

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Suzanne Sommer

suzanne.sommer@igmors.u-psud.fr

Co-senior authors.

Affiliations Univ. Paris-Sud, Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie (Bât. 409), UMR8621, Orsay, France, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Orsay, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CN PS CB KAS JLK JA MMC SS. Performed the experiments: CN PS CB SI FV PPG CLD KAS. Analyzed the data: CN PS CB PDC KAS JLK JA MMC SS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CN PS CB PDC SI FV PPG CLD KAS. Wrote the paper: CN PS CB PDC JA MMC SS.