About the Authors

Kate Evans

Kate@ElephantsForAfrica.org

Affiliations School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, Elephants for Africa, Maun, Botswana

Randall Moore

Affiliation Elephant Back Safaris, Maun, Botswana

Stephen Harris

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

Randall Moore acquired the three males, along with others, to expand his captive herd. It was always his plan to release these males when they reached adolescence. Elephant Back Safaris (Plc) Ltd, from where the elephants were released, was a source of funding. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The authors have declared no other competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Final editing of manuscript: KE RM SH. Conceived and designed the experiments: KE RM SH. Performed the experiments: KE. Analyzed the data: KE SH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: KE RM SH. Wrote the paper: KE SH.