About the Authors

Christopher W. Woods

Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher W. Woods, Micah T. McClain

chris.woods@duke.edu (CW); geoffrey.ginsburg@duke.edu (GG)

Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Durham Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Micah T. McClain

Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher W. Woods, Micah T. McClain

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Durham Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Minhua Chen

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Aimee K. Zaas

Affiliations Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Bradly P. Nicholson

Affiliation Durham Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jay Varkey

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Timothy Veldman

Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Stephen F. Kingsmore

Affiliation National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America

Yongsheng Huang

Affiliation Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arobor, Michigan, United States of America

Robert Lambkin-Williams

Affiliation Retroscreen Virology, London, United Kingdom

Anthony G. Gilbert

Affiliation Retroscreen Virology, London, United Kingdom

Alfred O. Hero III

Affiliation Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arobor, Michigan, United States of America

Elizabeth Ramsburg

Affiliation Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Seth Glickman

Affiliation Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel-Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Joseph E. Lucas

Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Lawrence Carin

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Geoffrey S. Ginsburg

chris.woods@duke.edu (CW); geoffrey.ginsburg@duke.edu (GG)

Affiliation Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Competing Interests

The viral signature developed from this work is indeed the subject of a pending patent held by Dr's Ginsburg, Woods, Zaas, Lucas, Hero and Carin: PCT Application No. PCT/US2010/036257, “METHODS OF IDENTIFYING INFECTIOUS DISEASE AND ASSAYS FOR IDENTIFYING INFECTIOUS DISEASE” (File date 5/2010). However, this does not conflict with PLOS One policies and the research data will be made publically available according to the journal”s policy. Dr. Gilbert and Dr. Lambkin-Williams are employed by Retroscreen Virology, as mentioned in the Authors” affiliations portion of the manuscript. This company was involved in oversight of the conduction of the viral challenge studies utilized in the current manuscript. This does not in any way alter the authors' adherence to all of the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CWW GSG TV LC RL-W AGG. Performed the experiments: CWW MTM BN JV RL-W AGG SG ER. Analyzed the data: CWW MTM MC AKZ YH AOH JL LC GSG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SFK YH RL-W AGG AOH ER JL LC. Wrote the paper: CWW MTM AKZ GSG.