About the Authors

Jan C.-C. Hu

janhu@umich.edu

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Hui-Chen Chan

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Stephen G. Simmer

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Figen Seymen

Affiliation Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

Amelia S. Richardson

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Yuanyuan Hu

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Rachel N. Milkovich

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Ninna M. R. P. Estrella

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Mine Yildirim

Affiliation Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

Merve Bayram

Affiliation Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey

Chiung-Fen Chen

Affiliation Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

James P. Simmer

Affiliation Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JH H-CC FS YH JPS. Performed the experiments: H-CC SGS ASR RNM NMRPE MY MB C-FC. Analyzed the data: JH FS JPS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JH H-CC FS SGS NMRPE C-FC. Wrote the paper: JH FS JPS.