About the Authors

Maxwell Lewis Neal

mneal@uw.edu (MLN); Kristin.swanson@northwestern.edu (KRS)

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Andrew D. Trister

Affiliation Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Tyler Cloke

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Rita Sodt

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Sunyoung Ahn

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Anne L. Baldock

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Carly A. Bridge

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Albert Lai

Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Timothy F. Cloughesy

Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Maciej M. Mrugala

Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Jason K. Rockhill

Affiliation Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Russell C. Rockne

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Kristin R. Swanson

mneal@uw.edu (MLN); Kristin.swanson@northwestern.edu (KRS)

Affiliations Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Nancy and Buster Alvord Brain Tumor Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MLN ADT RCR KRS. Performed the experiments: MLN. Analyzed the data: MLN SA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: RS TC ALB CAB AL TFC MMM JKR. Wrote the paper: MLN ADT RCR KRS RS TC.