About the Authors
- Raina N. Fichorova
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* E-mail: rfichorova@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Yujin Lee
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Contributed equally to this work with: Yujin Lee, Hidemi S. Yamamoto
Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Hidemi S. Yamamoto
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Contributed equally to this work with: Yujin Lee, Hidemi S. Yamamoto
Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Yuko Takagi
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Gary R. Hayes
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Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Russell P. Goodman
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Current address: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Xenia Chepa-Lotrea
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Current address: Xenia Chepa-Lotrea: NIH, NIDDK, Liver Disease Branch Immunology, Section, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Olivia R. Buck
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Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Ryan Murray
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Current address: Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Affiliation Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Tomasz Kula
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- David H. Beach
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Bibhuti N. Singh
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Affiliation Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
- Max L. Nibert
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Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Performed the experiments: RNF YL HSY ORB XCL. Analyzed the data: RNF YL HSY RM ORB. Wrote the paper: RNF. Conceived and designed the experiments, immunology and cell biology: RNF; virology: MLN. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, LPS and primary TV isolates: BNS DHB GH; virion isolation and RT-PCR: YT TK RPG; TVV dsRNA and RNAse treatments: YT; TV culture: DHB GH XCL RM ORB RNF; TV cloning: RNF; Western blot: ORB; qNPA: HSY; luciferase and immunoassays: YL HSY RM ORB. Reviewed and approved the manuscript: RNF YL HSY YT GH RPG XCL ORB RM TK DHB BNS MLN. Recruited clinical subjects: BNS.