About the Authors

Andrea S. Downing

andrea.downing@wur.nl

Affiliation Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Egbert H. van Nes

Affiliation Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Wolf M. Mooij

Affiliations Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Marten Scheffer

Affiliation Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Analyzed the data: ASD EHvN. Wrote the paper: ASD. Carried out the model analysis: ASD EHvN. Contributed substantially to revisions: ASD EHvN WMM MS.