About the Authors

Travis J. A. Craddock

travisc@ualberta.ca (TJAC); jackt@ualberta.ca (JAT)

Affiliation Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Marc St. George

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Holly Freedman

Affiliation Center of Marine Sciences, Foundation for Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, Faro, Portugal

Khaled H. Barakat

Affiliation Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Sambasivarao Damaraju

Affiliations Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Stuart Hameroff

Affiliation Departments of Anesthesiology and Psychology, Center for Consciousness Studies, The University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

Jack A. Tuszynski

travisc@ualberta.ca (TJAC); jackt@ualberta.ca (JAT)

Affiliations Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TJAC MStG HF KHB SD SH JAT. Performed the experiments: TJAC MStG HF. Analyzed the data: TJAC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MStG SD. Wrote the paper: TJAC MStG HF SH JAT.