About the Authors

Silvia Suardi

Contributed equally to this work with: Silvia Suardi, Chiara Vimercati, Cristina Casalone

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Chiara Vimercati

Contributed equally to this work with: Silvia Suardi, Chiara Vimercati, Cristina Casalone

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Cristina Casalone

Contributed equally to this work with: Silvia Suardi, Chiara Vimercati, Cristina Casalone

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy

Daniela Gelmetti

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy

Cristiano Corona

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy

Barbara Iulini

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy

Maria Mazza

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy

Guerino Lombardi

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia ed Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy

Fabio Moda

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Margherita Ruggerone

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Ilaria Campagnani

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Elena Piccoli

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Marcella Catania

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Martin H. Groschup

Affiliation Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany

Anne Balkema-Buschmann

Affiliation Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany

Maria Caramelli

Affiliation Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Torino, Italy

Salvatore Monaco

Affiliation Policlinico G.B. Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

Gianluigi Zanusso

Affiliation Policlinico G.B. Rossi, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

Fabrizio Tagliavini

ftagliavini@istituto-besta.it

Affiliation Instituto Di Ricoveroe Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Foundation “Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milano, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SS CV C. Casalone DG C. Corona GL SM M. Caramelli GZ FT. Performed the experiments: SS CV DG C. Corona BI MM FM MR IC EP M. Catania. Analyzed the data: SS CV C. Casalone DG C. Corona GL SM MHG AB M. Caramelli GZ FT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SS CV C. Casalone DG C. Corona GL SM MHG AB M. Caramelli GZ FT. Wrote the paper: SS CV C. Casalone DG C. Corona GL SM MHG AB M.Caramelli GZ FT.