About the Authors

Tadashi Yokoi

Affiliations Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan, Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan

Yuko Seko

Affiliations Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan, Sensory Functions Section, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Tokyo, Japan

Tae Yokoi

Affiliation Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hatsune Makino

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Shin Hatou

Affiliation Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Masakazu Yamada

Affiliation Division for Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

Tohru Kiyono

Affiliation Division of Virology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan

Akihiro Umezawa

Affiliation Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Hiroshi Nishina

Affiliation Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo, Japan

Noriyuki Azuma

azuma-n@ncchd.go.jp

Affiliation Department of Ophthalomology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: Tadashi Yokoi YS Tae Yokoi TK AU HN NA. Performed the experiments: Tadashi Yokoi YS Tae Yokoi HM SH MY TK HN NA. Analyzed the data: Tadashi Yokoi YS Tae Yokoi HM SH MY AU HN NA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: Tadashi Yokoi SH MY TK HN NA. Wrote the paper: Tadashi Yokoi YS TK AU HN NA.