About the Authors

Subhash Kamath

Contributed equally to this work with: Subhash Kamath, Alberto O. Chavez

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Alberto O. Chavez

Contributed equally to this work with: Subhash Kamath, Alberto O. Chavez

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Amalia Gastaldelli

Affiliations Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy

Francesca Casiraghi

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Glenn A. Halff

Affiliation The UT Transplant Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Gregory A. Abrahamian

Affiliation The UT Transplant Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Alberto M. Davalli

Affiliations Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy

Raul A. Bastarrachea

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Anthony G. Comuzzie

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Lilia M. Jimenez-Ceja

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Vicki Mattern

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Ana Maria Paez

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Andrea Ricotti

Affiliation Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy

Mary E. Tejero

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Paul B. Higgins

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Iram Pablo Rodriguez-Sanchez

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Devjit Tripathy

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Ralph A. DeFronzo

Affiliation Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Edward J. Dick Jr

Affiliation Southwest National Primate Research Center/Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America

Gary W. Cline

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Franco Folli

folli@uthscsa.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine/Division of Diabetes. The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America, Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes & Endocrinology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SK AOC RAD FF. Performed the experiments: SK AOC FC GAH GAA IPR-S MET AR EJD GWC RG-M LMJ-C VM AMP PBH RAB. Analyzed the data: SK AOC EJD AG GWC FF AGC DT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: FF RAD. Wrote the paper: AOC SK GWC AMD FF.